In the exhaust stage of the Otto cycle, is the exhaust valve open or closed?

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Multiple Choice

In the exhaust stage of the Otto cycle, is the exhaust valve open or closed?

Explanation:
During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve is open. As the piston moves upward after combustion, opening the exhaust valve provides a path for the high-pressure, burnt gases to escape into the exhaust system. The intake valve stays closed to keep the fresh charge from entering during this phase. At the end of the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve closes to prepare for the next stage, and there may be valve timing overlap depending on the camshaft setup.

During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve is open. As the piston moves upward after combustion, opening the exhaust valve provides a path for the high-pressure, burnt gases to escape into the exhaust system. The intake valve stays closed to keep the fresh charge from entering during this phase. At the end of the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve closes to prepare for the next stage, and there may be valve timing overlap depending on the camshaft setup.

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